PTEN (I16) Antibody-Delta Biolabs

Product Info
Background	PTEN (also known as MMAC-1or TEP-1) is one of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressors in human cancer. It is also essential for embryonic development. PTEN functions primarily as a lipid phosphatase to regulate crucial signal transduction pathways; a key target is phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. In addition, it displays weak tyrosine phosphatase activity, which may down modulate signaling pathways that involve focal adhesion kinase (FAK) or Shc (1). PTEN negatively regulates Akt activation by preventing its phosphorylation. PTEN therefore inhibits the PI 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway, which is important for cell growth and survival (3). Mutations of PTEN occur in 60-80% of prostate cancers (6). PTEN defects have been implicated in Cowden disease, endometrial, breast, renal, lung, and ovarian cancers as well as in glioblastomas (2,4,5,7,8).
Origin	PTEN (I16) is provided as an affinity purified rabbit polyclonal antibody, raised against a peptide mapping to an internal domain of human PTEN.
Product Details	Each vial contains 200 �g/ml of affinity purified rabbit IgG PTEN (I16) DB055, in 1 ml PBS containing 0.1 % sodium azide and 0.2% gelatin.
Competition Studies	A blocking peptide is also available, DB055P, for use in competition studies. Each vial contains 0.100 mg of peptide in 0.5 ml PBS with 0.1% sodium azide and 100 mg BSA.
Form	200 �g/ml rabbit polyclonal IgG in 1 ml PBS containing 0.1 % sodium azide and 0.2% gelatin.
Immunogen	Synthetic peptide mapping to an internal domain of human PTEN.
Specificity	PTEN (I16) DB055 reacts with PTEN of mouse, rat and human origin
Use	Western blot analysis of PTEN expression in A431 whole cell lysates.
Storage	Store this product at 4� C, do not freeze. The product is stable for one year from the date of shipment.
References	1. Yamada KM, Araki M. Tumor suppressor PTEN: modulator of cell signaling, growth, migration and apoptosis. J Cell Sci 2001 Jul;114(Pt 13):2375-82 2. Bonneau D, Longy M.Mutations of the human PTEN gene. Hum Mutat 2000;16(2):109-22 3. Tsugawa K, Jones MK, Sugimachi K, Sarfeh IJ, Tarnawski AS. Biological role of phosphatase PTEN in cancer and tissue injury healing. Front Biosci 2002 May 1;7:245-51 4. Latta E, Chapman WB. PTEN mutations and evolving concepts in endometrial neoplasia. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2002 Feb;14(1):59-65 5. Mills GB, Lu Y, Fang X, Wang H, Eder A, Mao M, Swaby R, Cheng KW, Stokoe D, Siminovitch K, Jaffe R, Gray J.The role of genetic abnormalities of PTEN and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in breast and ovarian tumorigenesis, prognosis, and therapy.Semin Oncol 2001 Oct;28(5 Suppl 16):125-41 6. Modur V, Nagarajan R, Evers BM, Milbrandt J. FOXO proteins regulate TRAIL expression: Implications for PTEN mutation in prostate cancer. J Biol Chem 2002 Sep 25 7. Kandasamy K, Srivastava RK. Role of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/PTEN/Akt kinase pathway in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Res 2002 Sep 1;62(17):4929-37 8. Velickovic M, Delahunt B, McIver B, Grebe SK.Intragenic PTEN/MMAC1 loss of heterozygosity in conventional (clear-cell) renal cell carcinoma is associated with poor patient prognosis. Mod Pathol 2002 May;15(5):479-85